About your abdominal muscles Our abdominal (stomach) muscles are critical in supporting our backs. It is very important to keep them strong. We have four layers of abdominal (stomach) muscles, the rectus abdominis, external oblIques, internal obliques and transversus abdominis. The first three of these muscles are vital for support of your lower back. They act as an inbuilt corset and are the majority of muscles that make up your core muscles. To protect your back from injury keeping your core muscles strong is very important along with ensuring when you’re handling loads you lift without twisting and losing the curve of your spine. If you want to protect your back from injury here is a simple way to strengthen your abdominal muscles. Here is an exercise you can try to improve your abdominal strength. Sitting on a dining chair try lifting both feet just off the floor while your hands push down on the chair seat just beside your legs. (See diagram). Hold for a few seconds and increase the time, as your muscles get stronger. Practice four times before each meal perhaps! NB Remember to breathe normally – do not hold your breath Notice how your stomach (abdominal) muscles feel while doing this exercise so you will know when trying the following. Now you can practice bracing your abdominal muscles in any position – sitting, lying, standing, or walking. Try doing it while doing everyday activities like vacuuming, standing doing the dishes, sitting watching the TV, lifting anything and while you do exercises and stretches. It’s particularly useful to brace these muscles while lifting, or carrying anything with a little weight especially children. Strong abdominals help your back and as well as your figure! If you are having trouble doing this exercise or have back pain, you don’t have to struggle alone. Our friendly physiotherapists can help. Just contact us Ph: 03 377 5280 Email: [email protected] Website: www.therapyprofessionals.co.nz Compiled for you by Therapy Professionals Physiotherapists
Communicating with Technology Sometimes people with disabilities have problems communicating even their basic needs and wants. This is frustrating for them and those around them. Communicating is a complex task, which, at its most basic level, is about understanding and being understood. There are many components to the process of communication, like understanding and using:
- words and sentences (Ianguage)
If someone has a problem with any of these areas then it can make communication difficult. A speech Language therapist is skilled in identifying where the break down in communication occurs and finding solutions to these problems. The use of technology can help some people struggling to communicate however not everyone. Others may benefit more from low-tech solutions. Independence can be enhanced with the use of technology too. For those who technology would help Speech Language Therapists can help with:
Therapy Professionals Speech Language Therapists are experienced working with people of all ages and many kinds of disabilities. Whether you are older having had a stroke or you’re a child with an intellectual and physical disability we can help. If you need help with a communication problem our friendly Speech Language Therapists
can help, just contact us. Phone 3775280 Email [email protected] Teaching Crossing the Road Skills For most adults, crossing the road is automatic behaviour, we do it without thinking and we don’t consider how complex a skill crossing the road is. Nor do we consider how our life might be curtailed if we couldn’t successfully negotiate our way around roads. Some of the skills required for crossing the road include:
In some cases even more advanced problem solving is required. For example, if the traffic light signals say it is safe to cross and a motorist continues through the intersection, we need to be able to identify the car is not stopping and decide to wait for it to pass before crossing. Traffic-related mishaps account for a large number of deaths and injuries amongst our society’s children and youth. For youngsters with special needs, the risks can increase dramatically due to:
,Acquiring these skills is important for our independence and quality of life. For those of us with special needs, who struggle to learn road skills easily, this can be a big barrier to independence.
Parents, educators and support workers need to work much harder to teach young people with special needs about street and traffic safety and employ strategies to help compensate for the challenges they may face. The first step is to break the skill down into its separate skills and teach each of these skills step by step. If you are struggling to teach a young adult to cross the road and would like some help our friendly Occupational Therapists at Therapy Professionals Ltd can help. Enable Equipment Service (Ministry of Health Funded Equipment Management Scheme) If you’re in need of equipment to assist you to function in life, you may be eligible for Enable equipment. The equipment is on loan from the Ministry of Health free of charge, however the assessment and application may cost you, so please discuss with a therapist. Therapy Professionals Ltd’s Physio and Occupational Therapists are accredited assessors for Enable equipment in the following areas: 1. Personal Care & Household Management a) Personal equipment to enable you to carry out personal care activities in their home, at work or place of study, such as: - eating and drinking - personal hygiene (washing and toileting) - getting dressed - transferring from the bed or chair - getting in or out of the home b) Household Management equipment to enable you to carry out essential household tasks to return to, or remain safely your home, such as the preparation of food and drinks, if you live alone or by yourself for much of the day. 2. Walking & Standing a) Walking equipment to support you with walking and transferring. b) Standing equipment to support you to maintain a good functional position and body alignment in standing. 3. Basic housing modification equipment to ensure your safety at home such as: - handrails, - wedge threshold ramps - lever taps or - internal door widening. 4. Complex Housing Modifications are where the alterations to the structure of the property are made. 5. Wheeled Mobility and Postural Management Level 1 and credential lying advice and recommendations related to wheeled mobility, seating and postural management. The Process: It takes between two hours and several months depending on the complexity and expense of the equipment. - an Enable accredited therapist assesses your need for equipment and if you’re eligible. - Therapist completes the Enable service request electronically if funding is ‘available’. While funding may be available, Enable has final discretion on eligibility for equipment. - Equipment is trialed or issued to you. - The therapist will follow up on the use and appropriateness of the equipment. Keeping Records of Equipment
Most equipment comes with an ASSET NUMBER. You or the residential providers are responsible for keeping records of asset numbers and maintenance of the equipment. The asset number stickers can fade and come off especially on soft fabrics, eg slings. We recommend you develop a system to record asset numbers permanently. (eg: taking a photo of the piece of equipment and asset number. Keep it somewhere safe or in your client’s file). Repairs and Maintenance: Contact one of the subcontractors listed below: More Mobility/ Mobytech Ltd 113 Blenheim Road, Christchurch 8041 Phone: (03) 348 3460 Option 3 or 027 516 2340 Email: [email protected] [email protected] Website: http://www.moremobility.co.nz Personal Mobility Systems (Wheelchair Services (SI) Ltd) (not generally a mobile service) 29 Shakespeare Road, Christchurch 8240 Phone: (03) 366 8815 or 0275 383 584, Free: 0508 662 454 Email: [email protected] Website www.mobilitysystems.co.nz Rehab Enterprises, mobile workshop. Contact Owen Henwood on phone: 027 230 5974 or email: [email protected] Alteration or Modification of Equipment If you wish to have equipment altered or modified this is not a repair or maintenance. Call the therapist. Equipment no longer needed for clients: Ring Enable and ask for it to be picked up Phone: 0800 171 995 OR Residential providers - If another client would benefit from the equipment, call the therapist, they will assess and if suitable re-issue the equipment. Eating and Drinking Problems related to Dementia A number of eating and drinking issues may occur for those with dementia including under or over eating and swallowing problems. Swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) related to dementia and Alzheimer’s have increased with longer life expectancy. The prevalence among those individuals with intellectual disability is also increasing, however at a younger age as they prematurely age. Swallowing difficulties: How do you know someone has an eating and drinking difficulty? They will have some or all of the following signs while or after eating and drinking:
Under-eating As we age our appetite decreases. For those with dementia this decrease in appetite can be more pronounced. In the early stages under-eating can be prompted by depression and later on due to forgetting to eat or even how to eat. Medications can affect appetite too. Suggested support
Over-eating: For some people with dementia an increase in weight can be an issue for a number of reasons. They:
General suggestions:
Equipment:
Use visual and other strategies:
Safety:
The role of the team and when to refer:
If you need help with someone with a swallowing problem, just contact us at Therapy Professionals Ltd, our friendly Speech Language Therapist can help.
Phone: 03 377 5280 Email: [email protected] Website: therapyprofessionals.co.nz THE LUNCH BOX DILEMMA Making school lunches can be a great source of stress for many parents, myself included. We can fall into the trap of giving our children exactly the same lunch day after day and wonder why they stop eating them! Or we go for the convenient packs of chips, dairy foods and muesli bars, which often children love, however they are not a healthy option. When you’re tired and busy it’s hard to take the time and have the imagination to produce good healthy lunches for your children. A few years ago one of our Dietitians, a parent of two young boys, put together these guidelines to help we parents who are struggling to put lunch boxes together. How to put together a tasty and nutritious lunch box.
Choose from these foods to get the balance right. 1) Wholegrain bread, wraps, pita bread, roti, rolls, rice, noodles (not 2 minute noodles), pasta, rice wafers etc. COMBINE WITH 2) Chicken, shaved ham, lean meat, fish/tuna, eggs, cheese, peas/beans/lentils, hummus, nut butters and hard boiled eggs and nuts etc ADD 3) Whole or cut-up fruit, berries, grapes, pottle of stewed/tinned fruit, salad, vege sticks, cherry tomatoes etc. Fruit and vegetables provide essential vitamins and fibre for good health and digestion 4) Include healthy fats for taste and brainpower such as avocado, salmon or oily white fish (tinned is fine) and nuts. OPTIONAL EXTRAS 5) Dried fruit, popcorn, pikelet, small homemade muffin, or plain biscuits, bite-sized cereal eg Weetbix Bites/Miniwheats, small can creamed rice, nuts (if allowed), crackers, corn thins, low sugar yoghurts or natural yoghurt with frozen berries. Makes lunch boxes appealing and provide energy 6) Fluid – Water is the best choice; the good thing is it’s free from any drinking fountain and tap at school. If you need more help putting lunch boxes together for you children, especially if you have a child with a health condition or disability, our friendly Dietitians can help, just contact us at Therapy Professionals Phone: 03 3775280 Email: [email protected] Written by Helen Gunn, Mother of two and Dietitian for Therapy Professionals Ltd Ph. (03) 377 5280 Why do some people need thickened fluids? If a person has a swallowing problem (dysphagia), they may benefit from drinking thickened fluids. Thick fluids move more slowly down the throat, giving more time to swallow, and make it less likely to ‘go down the wrong way’ into the lungs. Thickened fluids are prescribed by Speech Language Therapists and can be purchased pre-thickened, or can be thickened at home with thickening powder. Thickened liquids come in four thicknesses: slightly, mildly, moderately and extremely thick. Normal/Thin (Level 0)
Fortisip
Mildly thick (Level 2) - Pouring cream consistency - It runs freely off a spoon, leaving a small coating - Similar consistency to honey or nectar - Can drink from a cup and through a wide straw Moderately thick (level 3) - Smooth yoghurt consistency - Drips slowly in dollops through the prongs of a fork - Can drink from a cup however easier if spooned into the mouth - Difficult to drink through a wide straw Extremely thick (level 4) - Similar consistency to 'instant pudding or dairy food' - Holds its shape on the spoon and falls off in a single spoonful when tilted - Liquid does not dollop or drip continuously through prongs of a fork. Cannot drink from a cup or straw, needs to be spooned into the mouth. It is safest to measure the thickness using the flow test. The flow test measures how thick a liquid is by how much goes through a 10 ml syringe in 10 seconds. A speech language therapist with experience in thickened fluids needs to explain how to do the test. Can fluids be thickened at home? When in a hospital or residential care facility, thickened drinks will be provided. If you are at home, you will need to purchase pre-thickened drinks or use thickening powder to thicken drinks yourself. Pre-thickened drinks Pre thickened drinks come in a variety of flavours and in the three levels of thickness: mildly, moderately and extremely thick. Thickening powders Each product is different and the instructions on the tin should be followed however the resulting thickness is the important thing and the flow test is the best way of knowing the thickness. Naturally thick fluids There are a number of naturally thick fluids such as:
The flow test needs to be applied to naturally thick fluids to ensure they’re the right level of consistency before drinking. How much fluid should we drink in a day? Adults need to drink an average of 6 to 8 cups (1.5- 2 litres) of fluid a day to prevent dehydration. In hot weather we need more fluids. A dietitian can advise on how much is required. What kinds of fluids need to be thickened? All fluids may need to be thickened depending on the consistency level required including pureed fruits and vegetables, nutritional supplements. What about ice cream? Melt slightly, mix in thickener and re-freeze. What about jelly? Mix in thickener and refrigerate. Can you thicken fizzy drinks? Yes. First stir the fizzy drink to release the bubbles or “de-carbonate”. Ensure the glass isn’t too full, then slowly add the thickener. There may be some frothing so keep a cloth handy! Can tea and coffee still be made the same way? Yes. When making tea, coffee or hot chocolate, ensure you add the milk before thickening the drink; otherwise milk added later will water down the thickened drink. What about thin soups? You thicken soups in the same way you thicken drinks. Follow the instructions on the tin and adjust to the right level of thickness if needed with additional fluid or thickening powder. Can thickened fluids be frozen? Not all thickeners can be frozen, however drinks made with Easy Thick Advanced Powder can be frozen, as it remains stable when thawed. If you want more information or help with a swallowing problem, Therapy
Professionals Ltd’s friendly Speech Language Therapists can help. Just contact us: Phone: 03 3775280 Email: [email protected] Hand and Finger Skills We use our hands and fingers constantly during the day and rarely consider the complexity of tasks they do, and how life would be, without their ability to manipulate objects. In fact hand and finger skills or fine motor skills are very important for doing every day tasks such as:
Children who experience difficulties with hand and finger skills, may:
A child’s fine motor (hand and finger) skill development impacts on every area of a child’s life. For some children, a skill that is slow to develop can be a source of frustration and cause them to avoid practising important tasks such as writing, dressing, and participating in sports. Children struggling with hand and finger skills may have problems with:
Development of hand skills occurs throughout childhood in an orderly and predictable way like building with blocks. Hand skills require a combination of other skills to be developed before they can be mastered. If a skill is not gained this will affect acquiring other skills. It’s important for a child’s learning and independence to have good hand and finger skills. An Occupational Therapist can help by assessing and suggesting a fun range of activities for school and home to develop a child’s fine motor (hand and finger) skills. If you know a child who is experiencing any of these problems, our friendly occupational therapist can help; just contact us at Therapy Professionals.
Phone: (03) 377 5280 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.therapyprofessionals.co.nz High Temperatures and Dehydration A long spell of hot summer weather can take its toll on most of us, as it saps away the moisture from our bodies. For those of us who are ageing or disabled hot weather could be deadly, especially if we are relying on others to give us drinks. In such weather we need to drink more water than the usual recommendation of 6-8 standard glasses a day. Why is dehydration a problem? Our bodies are 60% water and it is used in:
Our bodies are continuously losing moisture though:
We may lose fluids for other reasons such as:
Dehydration can occur quickly in hot or humid temperature as our body sweats more to try and cool our bodies down. Here are some early signs of dehydration:
If any of these signs are present in you or anyone you’re looking after, the first simple solution is to drink more fluids. If this isn’t making things better seek medical help.' How do you know whether you, or those you are caring for, are dehydrated? You or they may feel thirsty or hungry, however the best sign is urinating less frequently, with very dark urine. Remember dehydration is life threatening, so if you have any of the signs mentioned, ensure you drink more water than you would normally do. If you need more advice on how to keep hydrated just contact us at Therapy Professionals our friendly dietitians can help. Phone (03) 3775280, Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.therapyprofessionals.co.nz Stroke A stroke is a sudden interruption of the blood supply to the brain. Every stroke is different and the effects depend on the area of the brain which is injured. A stroke on the left side of the brain will affect the right side of the body and vice-versa. Each side specialises in different functions and one or more of those functions may be mildly or severely affected.
This is a simple guide, more information and help on speech and communication is available from the local hospital speech language therapist and the Stroke Foundation. Advice on how to survive a stroke - from the Hornby Stoke Group Participants – May 2012 A stroke doesn’t need to be a life sentence.
If you need help following a stroke,
our friendly physio, speech language, music and occupational therapists and dietitians can help. Just contact us at Therapy Professionals Ltd Phone: 03 377 5280 Email: [email protected] Website: therapyprofessionals.co.nz |
AuthorShonagh O'Hagan Archives
July 2024
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